Aerofon multi-reed

Organological "Uyup-Uyup Durame"

By Edi Nasution 

Indonesian nation known for its diversity and ethnic tribe, until now there around the 1300s ethnic groups in Indonesia, where every ethnic tribe is certainly has the particularity of each, there are customs and culture respectively. 

The diversity of arts and culture in the world, and in Indonesia in particular giving a lot of influence for human civilization, as well as art music, traditional musical instruments carry a very significant influence on the development of music. In this case, the 'music' is the sound that is arranged such that it contains rhythm, song, and especially the harmony of sound produced from the tools that can generate the sounds. 

While traditional musical instrument is a musical instrument that develops in certain people, traditional music is usually very closely related to the customs of a tribe/ethnicity. 

To describe the music and ensemble music, both solo instruments, the approach taken is to be organological with musical instrument classification system based on von Horn Bostel and Curt Sachs musical instrument which divides by five major categories, namely: 

(1) Idiofon, the instrument with which the body's own character that produces the main sound. 

(2) Kordofon, his voice is a musical instrument that is generated due to the vibration of the strings or strings. 

(3) Membranofon, the musical instrument that produces sound from the vibration of the membrane or skin. 

(4) Aerofon, the musical instrument that produces sound vibrations due to air. 

(5) Elektrofon, which is a musical instrument that sounds by electrical forces. 

Although the organological approach aims to facilitate public support for the musical instrument, musical instruments tetapu are also grouped into their respective ethnic divide in more detail into the classification system Curt Sachs. 

Special about a solo instrument, the approach taken is also a more specific nature. There are several instruments which is not a musical instrument that is used in general, and even society itself was not categorize these tools as musical instruments, because the term itself is not found in the music culture of the people. However, if we look at the instruments themselves, the actual tool itself can be grouped into a musical instrument. This indeed we can not deny anymore in the ethnic musical traditions in Indonesia. For instance, 'uyup-uyup durame' (aerofon multi-reed) from Mandailing tribe, which is made of a rice stem segments with the base end is broken down in such a way into the tongue (reed) to produce sound, and rice straw body itself made ​​some tone holes, and the other end wrapped around the base of the cane or palm leaves as a resonator, not known as a musical instrument. Though the musical instrument is highly qualified to say based on the tone of a musical instrument in space and time.

Our efforts to determine the tones produced through Uyup-uyup this, the first one is by listening to the sound of the low. And because "Kantur melodic" game-uyup Uyup are "ascending" (rose), making it easier to determine the tone of "root" and other tones. With the tools a guitar (while regarded as monokord) and specify "first tone" as "fundamental tone" which is exemplified as well as the tone of "C", then the tones produced are "C - Db - D - Eb", where tone areas are in "one octave", and notes that have sequential as well as "scales" (mode) the resulting string melody Uyup-uyup with one voice. While the melodic style has a small motif (leitmotivic) and tends to be repeated (ostinato), and "improvisation" is done with the development of variations. The next interval is used sekunde minor and major, and the melody has a pattern kadensi "C-Db" repeated anyway. 

But, unfortunately, never again heard the strains of music sound Uyup-uyup it when Manyabi, and traditions Marsialap Ari (mutual aid) to harvest the rice was no longer the ability of rice farmers in Mandailing. (*) 

Gandoang. July 14, 2014. 

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see too: 

http://www.sorasirulo.com/2013/07/22/uyup-uyup-durame-musik-tiup-dari-mandailing/