Mandailing Culture (10)

MANDAILING CULTURE: A BRIEF VERVIEW

By Edi Nasution

(d). literature

>>>‘Ende – ende’

‘Ende–ende’ or called often called ‘pantun’ is a long literature Mandailing shaped ‘poem’ which generally rhyme "aa - aa" or "ab - ab". The first and second rows of ‘ende-ende’ is ‘sampiran’, which is often associated with nature characteristic agrarian culture Mandailing population), and usually has no direct relationship with third and fourth row as its contents. But in addition , there are also ‘ende-ende’ that do not rhyme "aa - aa" or "ab – ab”, but each line of ‘perceived’ still has a close relation to each other, like ‘ende-ende’ following :

ancit ni na mandurung

jolo sitanggis podom-podom

ancit ni na malungun

jolo tangis anso modom

balik-balik angin

na ibalikkon ni alogo

anggo roamu do baya namarbalik

tu ise ho mardabu onco

tor dolok martimbang

itoru nai dalan Sibolga

nangkon jaru marsipangkulingan

asal ulang morot sian roha

Abit culuk bonang marikin

Undung-undung lao mamolus

Mangido moop ale mangido isin

Ampot adong obar na lupus

In the presentation, ‘ende–ende’ or ‘pantun’ representation showing the structure, function, and cultural values ​​which are still valid and upheld by society Mandailing until now.

>>>‘Turi – turian’

‘Turi–turian’ is Mandailing the literature in the past broadcast of the mouth (oral tradition). ’Turi–turian’ an action (tradition) tells a very structured and storytelling activities (called ‘marturi’) can take place in the royal elite, for example when they met in council to decide policy and political culture in Sopo Godang (indigenous convention). ‘Turi-turian’ one is quite phenomenal and is widely known by the public Mandailing is Turi-turian Ni Radja Radja Gorga Di Langit Dohot Sutan Soeasa Di Portibi authored by Mangaradja Goenoeng Sorik Marapi is Radja Panoesoenan Boeloeng in Maga (1957). ‘Turi-turian’ other, among others: Nan Sondang Milong- ilong, and Sitapi Letter Tagan.

>>>'Markobar' or 'Marhata-hata'

One custom Mandailing is ‘markobar’, which also called ‘marhata-hata’ is a tradition of ‘customary speech’ in every organization of cultural activities in Mandailing, Some recent decades, the tradition of ‘markobar’ linguistic phenomenon which has become symptomatic, which is not only happening in big cities but also in Mandailing ancestral land because the more experienced abrasion ‘markobar’ skills. Let alone to ‘markobar’ ceremonial like  ‘manyapai Boru’, ‘pasahat utang boban’, ‘mandokon ulang agoan’ (‘hata bou’), and others. Even for a simple custom activities for example like to thank, ‘manyurdu burangir’, was invited to eat now require the services of a ‘parkobar’. As a result, ‘parkobar’ becoming increasingly scarce, Mandailing which most people, especially those living in big cities are not pleasing or not able to carry out all customs duties ("inda tarjuguki jugukan ni ibana"). Such situation causes many ‘parkobar carteran’ in a custom implementation Mandailing in big cities.

The emergence of ‘parkobar bayaran’ very violated customary Mandailing . In this case, there is a Mandailing proverb that says: "Ulang isuan bulu na so marruas". That is, for every person Mandailing it out yourself, knowing the position and the position of each in customs, and knows the ethics in public life. Admitted he ‘suhut’ , ‘anak boru’, ‘mora’ , or even ‘kahanggi’, but it's not. Obviously it violated the customs and ethics. Moreover, claiming to be ‘Raja’, but no ‘longit’ buffalo were slaughtered when he was married.

Despite this situation, people generally still looking activity ‘markobar’ in Mandailing markobar is very important because they are still considered sacred, traditif, ataraktif, and artistic. ‘Markobar’ activity is regarded as something sacred due mostly for families thoughts conveyed in the event ‘markobar’ are things that uphold goodness and avoid bad deeds (commanding the god ‘nahimunkar’) . On the other hand, markobar activity also aims to give advice (‘marsipaingot’) . Tradition ‘marsipaingot’ is always presented to the newlyweds (‘namorapule’) in a traditional wedding ceremony (‘marbagas’ or ‘maringanan’).

Figure. Markobar or Marhata-hata.

In this case, ‘markobar’ regarded as a tradition because it has become a convention for people Mandailing, both who live at home and are settled in the colony. Of course it would be very awkward once when in a traditional wedding ceremony is not implemented eg markobar activities.

‘Markobar’ regarded as ataraktif activities because in practice the ‘parkobar’ (also called ‘parhata-hata’) is also acting as a ‘negotiator’ who can influence the decision to be taken. ‘Parkobar’ expertise in utilizing dazzling words in this markobar can expedite and smooth affair, as Mandailing proverb says: "hata-hata do dupang-dupang, hata-hata do panggarar utang", meaning that those words could be paying a debt.

And ‘markobar’ regarded as an artistic activity in the procession because it uses artistic language function, which is deliberately using a distinctive style, word choice, and intontasi appropriate.

(e). Sculpture and Carving

During the Mandailing ancient belief system adhered to the old (‘pelebegu’), ‘huta’ (‘banua’) residents has a tradition for creating a wide variety of statues made ​​of wood or stone.

In the area of ​​the ancient cemetery called ‘lobu’ or ‘huta lobu’ can be found a stone statue called ‘tagor’. According to old belief, the ‘tagor’ can provide a sign with a roar when something important happens in the royal family, for example if there is a king who will be death. In addition, in the four corners of ‘huta’ (‘banua’) are usually ancient statues named ‘pangulu palang’, who in the past believed to maintain the territorial integrity ‘huta’ and will give a sign if there is anything that would interfere huta community.

Figure. Sangkalon.

In addition, there is also a statue called ‘sangkalon’. The statue was used as a symbol of law and justice, called “sangkalon sipangan anak sipangan boru”. It means “eater statue boy eater girls". Wood or stone sculpture (‘sangkalon’) is placed in front of the door Sopo Godang (indigenous convention) and Bagas Godang (King's Palace) adjacent. The words “sangkalon sipangan anak sipangan boru” more or less means a fair application of the law against any person , even the children themselves. [EN]